ḤUSĀM AL-DĪN AL-ṢADR AL-SHAHĪD AL-BUKHĀRĪ (483–536/1090–1141): LIFE, SCHOLARLY FORMATION AND A CRITICAL CLASSIFICATION OF HIS WORKS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57033/w3te1w41Keywords:
al-Ṣadr al-Shahīd, Ḥusām al-Dīn ʿUmar b. Māza, Bukhara, Ḥanafī jurisprudence, manuscripts, fatwa literature, Adab al-qāḍī, al-Wāqiʿāt, battle of QaṭwānAbstract
Ḥusām al-Dīn ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Māza al-Bukhārī, known as al-Ṣadr al-Shahīd, was one of the leading Ḥanafī jurists of Transoxiana in the first half of the sixth/twelfth century and a teacher of Burhān al-Dīn al-Marghīnānī, the author of al-Hidāya. Despite his importance, a large part of his legacy remains in manuscript, and the information about his life and writings found in modern catalogues and reference works contains many inaccuracies. This article reconstructs his biography on the basis of classical biographical and historical sources, including his lineage, education, teachers, students, public offices and death at the battle of Qaṭwān in 536/1141. It then offers a critical survey of the thirty-four works attributed to him, which are classified into four groups: independent compositions, commentaries, short treatises and works of doubtful attribution. For each group the article notes the current state of the text (extant in manuscript, published or lost) and discusses problems of title and attribution, such as those concerning Ḥayrat al-fuqahāʾ, al-Takmila and al-Muntaqā. The study concludes that al-Ṣadr al-Shahīd’s works cover fatwa, substantive law, legal theory, judicial procedure and juristic disagreement, and that their critical edition is a prerequisite for a fuller understanding of the Bukharan school of law.
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