MILITARY CAMPAIGNS BY THE ARABS TO MAWARANNAHR IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 7TH CENTURY

Abstract

The article analyzes, based on historical sources, the military campaigns of the Arabs to Mawarannahr in the second half of the 7th century, the activities of the governors (Walis) of Khurasan during the Umayyad period, relations with Bukhara and Samarkand, treaties and battles, the personality of Qutham ibn Abbas, and the purely military nature of these campaigns. By the second half of the 7th century – mid-8th century, the Arab Caliphate was ruled by the Umayyads (661-750). The religion of Islam spread into the territories of North Africa, the Iberian Peninsula, the Caucasus, North India, Iran, Khurasan, and Mawarannahr. The scope of state administrative reforms and the socio-economic changes implemented by the Umayyads in these regions distinctly set them apart from subsequent dynasties.